Family planning (FP) is essential for improving women's health and well-being by preventing unintendedpregnancies, reducing maternal and infant mortality, and promoting sustainable development. However, manymarried women in Bangladesh do not use FP methods, and there is limited research on the association between FPmethod use and physical health among urban women in the country. This cross-sectional study was conductedamong 370 married women attending primary health care centers in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from September toDecember 2022. Systematic random sampling was used to select participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version22. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to assess associations between FP method use and various socio-demographic and physical health factors, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Among the participants, 33.2% usedoral contraceptive pills, 20.3% used injectable methods, and 11.1% used condoms, while 29% did not use any FPmethods. Significant associations were found between FP method use and age (χ2 = 32.61, p = 0.00), with womenaged 26-40 showing the highest usage (43.5%). Monthly income (χ2 = 13.06, p = 0.00), physical activity levels (χ2= 12.59, p = 0.00), menstrual cycle regularity (χ2 = 29.03, p = 0.00), weight changes (χ2 = 13.46, p = 0.01),anorexia (χ2 = 6.59, p = 0.04), and general weakness (χ2 = 7.55, p = 0.00) were also significantly associated withFP method use. This study highlights that age, income, physical activity, menstrual cycle regularity, and physicalhealth conditions such as weight changes, anorexia, and general weakness are key factors influencing FP methoduse among married women in urban Bangladesh. These findings underscore the need for targeted public healthinterventions and education to improve FP uptake and address the associated health impacts on women. Furtherresearch is recommended to explore these relationships on a larger scale.