IQAC Image
IQAC Image
DIU Logo
QS Ranking

Journal of Emerging Global Health

Ready to submit? Start a new submission or continue a submission in progress

Submit your manuscript


The Adverse Effects of Khat Chewing on ConsumersSocioeconomic Wellbeing in Mogadishu, Somalia

Original Article | Published: 11 June 2024 | Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Hassan Mohamud Hassan

Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Bangladesh

Abdiweli Mohamed Abdi

Postgraduate Department, Horsed International University, Mogadishu, Somalia.

ABM Alauddin Chowdhury

Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Bangladesh

Abstract

Over 90% of men and 10% of women use Khat, either regularly or infrequently, primarily because to its accessibility. An estimated one-third of total income is spent on Khat purchases.The main objective of this study was to assess adverse effects of Khat chewing on consumer’s socioeconomic wellbeing.Institution-based Cross-Sectional study was conducted among 117 Khat chewers in Mogadishu, Somalia between Januarys to July 2023, in Mogadishu, Somalia. To assess adverse effects of Khat chewing on consumer’s socioeconomic wellbeing, a multivariate binary logistic regression model was employed with a statistical significance of p-value <0.05.A total of 117 participants with a Mean age ± standard deviation of respondents was 43 ± 19, with the maximum age being 83 years and the minimum age being 18 years. The participants asked that Khat consumption cause weakens of sexual performance with threeoptions to choose from, the results of multiple binary logistic regression analysis shows that the participants who answered NO [AOR= 6.226, 95% CI: 1.763 -21.985], were six times more likely to develop socio-economic implication compared those who answered YES [AOR= 1.661, 95% CI: 0.486-5.679]. and also asked that Khat consumption cause Insomnia with three options to choose from, the results of multiple binary logistic regression analysis shows that the participants who answered YES [AOR= 2.410, 95% CI: 0.578 -10.048], were two times more likely to develop socio-economic implication compared those who answered NO [AOR= 5.678, 95% CI: 1.392 -23.153].These findings suggest a potential relationship between Khat consumption and socio-economic implications related to sexual performance and insomnia.

Keywords

Khat Consumption, Socioeconomic Wellbeing, Adverse Effects, Sexual Performance, Insomnia

Reference

Abate, A., Tareke, M., Tirfie, M., Semachew, A., Amare, D., & Ayalew, E. (2018). Khat chewing and risky sexual behavior among residents of Bahir Dar City administration, Northwest Ethiopia. Annals of General Psychiatry, 17(1), 1–9.
Abdi, M., Tegene, Y., Habte, E., & Tekle, T. (2021). Prevalence and factors associated with khat chewing among students of Jigjiga Teachers Training College, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Psychology and Education, 58(2), 9635–9648.
Alemu, W. G., Zeleke, T. A., Takele, W. W., & Mekonnen, S. S. (2020). Prevalence and risk factors for khat use among youth students in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of General Psychiatry, 19(1), 1–10.
Alkhormi, A. H., Alshahrani, N. Z., & Mahmood, S. E. (2021). Khat chewing leads to increase in glycaemic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia and Yemen. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, 15(2), 565–568.
Asfaw, L. S. (2022). A community-based study of adverse effects of khat (Catha edulis) chewing habit and its associated factors among khat chewing individuals in Hosanna Town, Southwest Ethiopia. Oman Medical Journal, 6, 1–14.
Brenneisen, R., Fisch, H., Koelbing, U., Geisshusler, S., & Kalix, P. (1990). Amphetamine-like effects in humans of the khat alkaloid cathinone. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 30(6), 825–828.
El-Shoura, S. M., Abdel Aziz, M., & Mohamed, A. M. (1995). Deleterious effect of khat addiction on semen parameters and sperm ultrastructure. Human Reproduction, 10, 295–300.
Hassan, N. A., Gunaid, A. A., El-Khally, F. M., & Murray-Lyon, I. M. (2002). The effect of chewing khat leaves on human mood. Saudi Medical Journal.
Ishraq, D., & Šimić, J. (2004). Khat habit and its health effect: A natural amphetamine. Biomedical Papers, 148(1), 5–11.
Jradi, H. (2017). Circadian pattern of melatonin secretion in khat users. Annals of Thoracic Medicine, 13(3), 156–162.
Kalix, P., & Braenden, O. (1985). Pharmacological aspects of the chewing of khat leaves. Pharmacological Reviews, 37(2), 149–164.
Mamo, H., Dagnaw, A., Tadesse, N., Berhane, K., & Shiferaw, K. (2021). Prevalence of short interpregnancy interval and its associated factors among pregnant women in Debre Berhan town, Ethiopia. MedRxiv, 10(1), 1–14.
Manzar, M. D., Alamri, M., Mohammed, S., Khan, M. A. Y., Chattu, V. K., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., & Bahammam, A. S. (2018). Psychometric properties of the severity of dependence scale for khat (SDS-Khat) in polysubstance users. BMC Psychiatry, 18(1), 1–7.
Manzar, M. D., Alghadir, A. H., Khan, M., Salahuddin, M., Hassen, H. Y., Almansour, A. M., Nureye, D., Tekalign, E., Shah, S. A., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., & Bahammam, A. S. (2022). Poor sleep in community-dwelling polysubstance users. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 1–9.
Nassar, O. H., & Aklan, H. M. (2014). Erectile dysfunction in Yemenis: Does khat chewing play a role? Eurasian Journal of Medicine, 46(2), 69–73.
Omar, R. A. (2021). Implication of khat consumption and trade on the socio-economic wellbeing of the community in Kamukunji Sub-county, Nairobi County, Kenya. Unpublished thesis.
Research, A. (2022). Sample size calculator and margin of error: The ultimate guide. Appinio. https://www.appinio.com/en/blog/market-research/margin-of-error-and-sample-size
Beckerleg, S. (2010). Khat users in Western Uganda. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 17(4), 303–314.
Warsame, M. D. (2014). Factors influencing use of khat among the youth of Nakivale. Unpublished study.